-Principles of history of the Greek language: grammar (considered in a historical perspective):
• The alphabet and writing; pronunciation; historical and methodological notes; diacritical marks and punctuation; the accent and its fundamental laws;
• Elements of phonetics: the vowel system; the consonant system; the syllable; apophony; phonetic phenomena relating to the vowels and those relating to the consonants;
• Elements of morphology; the noun; nominal greek declination; the article; mixed declination; thematic declination; athematic declination; declination of participles;
• Elements of morphology: the verb; the verbal theme and the temporal theme; the verbal classes; aspect, time and mood; ‘polythematic’ verbs; diatheses and endings;
• the system of the present; the imperfect;
• the system of the future; simple or first future;
• the system of the aorist; first aorist; sigmatic and asigmatic aorist; strong aorist; very strong aorist; ‘cappatic’ aorist;
• the system of the perfect
- principles of syntax
- system of dialects
Reference texts for exam preparation:
• A. Aloni, La lingua dei Greci, Carocci editore, Roma 2003.
O. Hoffmann-A. Debrunner, Storia della Lingua greca, I-II, tr. it., Macchiaroli, Napoli 1969.
• G. Perrotta- B. Gentili- C. Catenacci, Polinnia. Poesia greca arcaica, D'Anna Editore, Messina-Firenze 2007
As support of the Anthology of Lyrics, a handbook of History of Greek Literature to be chosen from the following: D. Del Corno, Letteratura greca, Principato, Milano 1995; L.E. Rossi, Letteratura greca, Le Monnier, Firenze 1995; G.A. Privitera-R. Pretagostini, Storie e forme della letteratura greca, Torino, Einaudi, 1997. As support to metrical interpretation: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storia delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori, Milano, 2003.

There are no additional texts for non-attending students