• Pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system.
• Common cardiac emergencies: pulmonary oedema, cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade.
• Ischemic heart disease: cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis, chronic ischemic heart disease and acute coronary syndromes.
• Complications of myocardial infarction.
• Acquired valvular heart diseases: aortic valve disease, mitral valve disease, tricuspid valve disease.
• Primary and secondary cardiomyopathies. Dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy.
• Heart failure: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation.
• Arrhythmias: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, ECG presentation.
• Endocarditis and pericarditis: infective endocarditis, acute and chronic pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis.