1. Pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system.
2. Common cardiac emergencies: pulmonary oedema, cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade.
3. Ischemic heart disease: cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis, chronic ischemic heart disease and acute coronary syndromes.
4. Complications of myocardial infarction.
5. Acquired valvular heart diseases: aortic valve disease, mitral valve disease, tricuspid valve disease.
6. Primary and secondary cardiomyopathies. Dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy.
7. Heart failure: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation.
8. Arrhythmias: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, ECG presentation.
9. Endocarditis and pericarditis: infective endocarditis, acute and chronic pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis.
10. Congenital heart diseases: atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular canal, aortic coarctation, transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot.