Principles of Thermodynamics
Ecology of populations:
- The characteristics of the populations
- Changes in population size
- Factors that influence the size of a population
- Survival strategies
- Metapopulations
- Human populations
Community ecology:
- The structure and functioning of the communities
- Interactions within the communities
- The biodiversity of the communities
- The development of the communities
Ecosystems and biosphere:
- The flow of energy through ecosystems
- The cycles of matter in ecosystems
- Abiotic factors in ecosystems
- Study of ecosystem processes

Biodiversity and bioconservation:
- the decline of biodiversity
- conservation biology
- deforestation
- climate changes