Elements of measurement theory. Random and systematic error.
Classification of measurement systems. Signal sources. The elementary chain of measurement. Interconnection error.
Static performance. Calibration and calibration.
Dynamic performance. Concepts of bandwidth and phase shift.
Signal sensors and transducers. Sensitivity and selectivity.
Resistance thermometers, thermistors, thermocouples.
Potentiometers, strain gauges. Piezo-electric sensors. Force sensors. Inductive and capacitive sensors. Optical sensors and transducers. Semiconductor transducers.
Radiation thermometry. Doppler systems. Flow measurements. Ultrasound.
Electrodes for biological potentials.
Measurement systems for biological physical quantities.
Principles of Operation:
electrocardiograph, ultrasound probes, defibrillator, electrosurgical unit,
monitor.
Electrical safety. Pathophysiological effects of electricity. Microshock and macroshock.
Protection systems. Equipotential node. Galvanic isolation. Isolation transformer.