DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY

Single discipline educational activity

Course Sheet

Course code:

AI634

Academic Year of enrolment:

2023

Year of supply:

2023/2024

Type of Course:

Basic

Degree:

Course of Single Cycle Degree 5 years in ARCHITECTURE

Disciplinary Sector:

Design

Location:

PESCARA

Divisions:

Gruppo A - Professor: TUNZI Pasquale
Gruppo B - Professor: CAFFIO Giovanni

Credits:

Programme Year:

Cycle:

First semester

Obligatory attendance:

Yes

Hours of classroom activity:

100

Individual study hours:

150

Prerequisites:

Elementary knowledge of the three basic geometric models. Cognition of drawing and drawing techniques. Familiarity with computer use and basic skills in the use of common software packages.

Objectives

Knowledge and understanding skills of:
1. Basic concepts of drawing (both freehand and using equipment)
2. Scientific fundamentals in the field of architectural representation.
The above points will be carried out by addressing hand drawing and to the exercise of technical drawing.
The first case contemplates drawing from life (the act of perception and graphic translation), while the second pertains to application procedures derived from the theoretical principles of Descriptive Geometry. The above four classical models will be considered in the context of the history of architectural representation and as a function of subsequent teachings on architectural survey and project drawing. For the latter, the procedures and technical standards that guide executive drawings according to official guidance will be applied. Additional teaching objectives include the study of elementary geometry and shadow theory with applications. In addition, digital drawing will be addressed through the use of some software that will allow an alternative approach to traditional graphic representation.

Contents

The teaching of Descriptive Geometry is aimed at learning the scientific foundations of representation, that is, the study of theory and applications with reference to its four traditional methods-orthogonal projections, axonometric projections, perspectives, and dimensioned projections. This is in order to address the reading of what has been accomplished graphically in the past, and in function of teachings related to architectural surveying and project drawing. Additional teaching objectives include the study of elementary geometry, shadow theory, and digital drawing.

Extended Syllabus

The "Area of Architectural Design" includes those disciplines inherent in SSD ICAR 17.
Drawing. In the disciplinary organization of the Degree in Architecture they are distributed in the first three years and in the 5th year they conclude with the Degree Laboratory "Design Conservation Representation" (8+12 cfu).
The epigraph course consists of the integration of two modules: Descriptive Geometry and Digital Design.
The first module forms the foundation of the disciplines of graphic-visual representation, and is basic for all others in which drawing is an expressive and communicative medium of visual thinking in Architecture. Its study provides the tools, procedures and methods of representation both for developing design from scratch and for knowledge and documentation of the existing. The second module introduces the student to digital representation, through the use of software dedicated to technical drawing, modeling, photo editing and representation visual.

Descriptive Geometry
This module is the core of the entire course, so it is carried out in eight hours per week devoted to the theoretical aspects of Projective Geometry. The study of scientific principles and methods will enable students to take ownership of geometric models and to be able to handle them in areas where the representation of both real and ideal architectural space is required. Descriptive Geometry is the architect's indispensable medium for understanding existing space and visualizing ideal space by developing analog and digital representations.
_ Summary of Topics
1) The elements of technical drawing (conventional signs, scales of representation)
2) The geometric entities and fundamental operations (elementary figure construction)
3) The pattern of cylindrical projections: the double orthogonal projections (also with inclined planes)
4) The pattern of cylindrical projections: axonometries (orthogonal and oblique)
5) The model of conic projections: the perspectives (frontal and corner)
6) The theory of shadows (in D.P.O., Axonometry, Perspective)
7) The digital drawing of simple architectures.
8) Graphic-visual representations throughout Western History.
9) Drawing from life of buildings.

The above topics will be applied by the students on exercises which, together with those to be developed at home weekly will be organized in a personal portfolio and handed in for the exam in A3 paper format. At the conclusion of the lectures of each of the models, the students will be asked to verify what has been assumed, through graphic-theoretical exercises, keeping in mind that the respective assessments support the final interview. In addition, three tables focusing on the three models applied to a contemporary architectural building, agreed upon with the lecturer, will be presented at the exam. Plans, elevations and sections of such a building are to be made with graphic scale and on the computer two dimensioned tables, a D.P.O., an axonometry with shadows and a perspective with shadows. Weekly reviews of the papers and clarifications on the theoretical parts. Contact between lecturer and learner, in addition to e-mail, also takes place through the University website:
https://elearning.unich.it/course/index.php?categoryid=190.
Please note that both courses are coordinated with those of Architectural Composition 1, Materials and Design of Building Elements and History of Architecture 1.

Digital Drawing
The Digital Drawing module introduces the student to info-graphic representation through the use of software dedicated to technical drawing, modeling, photo editing and visual representation. This module will be developed on the theoretical and practical level to enable a more current graphic-visual communication of the representation of architecture, in order to facilitate the understanding of the spatial aspects of construction. Exercise with some software, drawing, photo retouching and layout software, will help in the development of the final architectural building boards in D.P.O., Axonometry and Perspective.

_Reference bibliography
R. Migliari, Geometria dei modelli, Kappa, Roma, 2003.
R. Migliari, Geometria Descrittiva, 2 voll., CittàStudi, Novara 2009.
M. Docci, R. Migliari, Scienza della rappresentazione. Fondamenti e applicazioni della geometria descrittiva, NIS, Roma, 1992.
AA.VV., Architettura moderna. L'avventura delle idee 1750-1980, a cura di V. Magnago Lampugnani, Electa, Milano, 1985
L. Sacchi, L'idea di rappresentazione, Kappa, Roma, 1994
A. De Rosa, A. Sgrosso. A. Giordano, La Geometria nell’immagine, UTET, Torino, 2002.
The above bibliography may be supplemented.

Examination Modalities.
The final interview is a summary of the theoretical and practical preparation gained by the student in the Course of Descriptive Geometry. Students are reminded that all the papers produced in each area and moment of the Course, on which the comparison will be based, should be presented at the said interview.

Recommended Bibliography

R. Migliari, Geometria dei modelli, Kappa, Roma, 2003.
M. Docci, R. Migliari, Scienza della rappresentazione. Fondamenti e applicazioni della geometria descrittiva, NIS, Roma, 1992.
G. Spadafora, Fondamenti e applicazioni di Geometria Descrittiva, Franco Angeli, Milano, 2019.
These texts may be supplemented as needed during the course.

Methods of Provision

Conventional

Teaching Methods

The topics of Descriptive Geometry and Digital Drawing will be developed in ten hours per week, including lectures, graphical applications and laboratory methodology to be carried out in the classroom. Students will do weekly exercises at home, to be reviewed periodically, and will be part of a personal portfolio to be handed in at the exam. Weekly reviews of the papers will be scheduled for the best outcome of the latter. A few hours will also be devoted to reading historical images with communications accompanied by illustrations on relevant examples and forming reference for graphic representation. Contact between lecturer and learner, in addition to e-mail, will also be made through the University website:
https://elearning.unich.it/course/index.php?categoryid=190.

Evaluation methods

Verification of learning:

At the conclusion of the lectures in both courses, students will be asked to verify what has been assumed, through graphical-theoretical exercises, keeping in mind that the respective assessments will constitute the average final grade. Part of the materials produced will be commented on by the student at the time of the examination set on official dates from the appropriate University website, to which the student must register in time.
For Course A, three plates focusing on the three models (D.P.O., Axonometries, Perspectives) applied to a contemporary architectural dwelling building, agreed with the lecturer, will be presented at the exam. See the syllabus for course A for specifics.
For course B, the boards to be presented in the exam will be those taken during the course and the three final ones related to the projective models of a small building chosen from those proposed by the lecturer.

Contacts/More Information

Students are asked to have a minimum of elementary hand-drawing tools and the use of computers to follow lectures and carry out the technical boards of the exercises. All papers produced as part of the course, duly revised, must be submitted at the final interview.
The division of matriculated students between Course A and Course B is done by freshman number: even-numbered freshmen belong to the first course, and odd-numbered freshmen belong to the second.
It should be kept in mind that both courses of Descriptive Geometry are coordinated with those of Architectural Composition 1, with Materials and Design of Building Elements and History of Architecture 1 converging on the theme of housing.

Università degli Studi
"G. d'Annunzio"

Chieti - Pescara

Aree