Paradigm: preliminary definitions. What we mean by paradigm in the natural and social sciences. What we mean by paradigm shift and scientific revolution.
Ontology, Epistemology and Method: preliminary definitions. Analysis and discussion of a) what it is possible to know; b) how it is possible to know; c) what are the relationships between scholar and object of study.
Positivism; Post Positivism; Interpretivism; Postmodernism. Critical discussion on the paradigmatic matrices of the social sciences.
Structure versus Agency: two different ways of conceiving the social.
Social Theory. The relationships between theory and hypothesis.
Scientific Method and its Limits
Research Questions.
Deduction - Induction - Abduction
Quantitative versus Qualitative Research.
Two research studies in brief: quantitative versus qualitative research.
The steps of the research process and design.
Qualitative techniques: a focus. 1. Participant observation; 2 Interviews; 3. Use of documents.
Examples of qualitative research analysed in depth.