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PHARMACOLOGY AND PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY Course Sheet Academic Year of enrolment:
Professor and Collaborators:
Hours of classroom activity:
Prerequisites:
The student must have basic knowledge of biology, biochemistry, anatomy and physiology.
Objectives
Contents The course includes two sections one dedicated to Pharmacology and the other one dedicated to Pharmaceutical Botany.
Pharmacology: this section will describe the principles of general pharmacology that include Pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs), Pharmacodynamics (the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic, unwanted and toxic effects of drugs) and Special Pharmacology, with particular attention to single classes of drugs of interest to the professional figure of the dietician (eg drugs used in the treatment of eating disorders, disorders of metabolism, digestive system).
Pharmaceutical botany: this section will describe the systematic classification of plants (fungi, algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms) and will analyze the active ingredients and properties contained in those species mainly used in the dietetic, pharmaceutical and voluptuary fields.
Extended Syllabus Pharmacology:
Definition of drug and dietary supplement, regulatory differences.
Principles of pharmacokinetics: drug absorption, bioavailability, distribution, biotransformation, induction and enzymatic inhibition, excretion.
Principles of pharmacodynamics: receptors, dose-response relationship, agonists, partial agonists, antagonists.
Factors that modify the action of drugs: age; tolerance; placebo and nocebo effects.
General concepts on interactions between drugs.
Side effects, toxicity from overdose, idiosyncratic and allergic reactions. Teratogenesis and fetal toxicity.
Drugs used in the treatment of anorexia and bulimia.
Drugs active on gastrointestinal system (essential lines on the most commonly used drugs such as antiulcer, antiemetics, prokinetics, laxatives).
Antidiabetic drugs.
Drug-food interactiond.
Influence of drugs on nutritional status and availability of nutrients.
Pharmaceutical botany:
The plant kingdom as a natural source of substances that can be used in different fields, among which, the dietary and therapeutic ones.
Plants currently of greatest interest in the field of nutrition and diet, with particular attention to the habitat, the geographical spread and the part of the plant used.
Particular attention will be paid to: a) plants with polysaccharides of dietary interest, for example: aloe, mallow and altea, psyllium, flax (seminal integuments), prickly pear, tamarind, carob, cassia, guar gum, calendula, polysaccharides from red algae (agar agar and carrageenan), from brown algae (alginates), the polysaccharides of the sheath of blue algae, (the most known food plants are not taken into consideration); b) spontaneous and cultivated medicinal plants; c) aspects of the cultivation of the main medicinal plants
Recommended Bibliography in the absence of specific textbooks dedicated to students of this type of Study Program:
regarding Pharmacology, the consultation of specific chapters on classic pharmacology texts (last edition) such as, Farmacologia generale e speciale per le lauree sanitarie Cella, Di Giulio, Gorio, Scaglione Piccin Ed, Farmacologia -H.P. Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter, P.K. Moore, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana;
regarding Pharmacological Botany, the consultation of specific chapters on Felice Senatore, Biologia e Botanica farmaceutica. Piccin; Maugini E, Maleci-Bini L ,Mariotti Lippi M.: Manuale di Botanica farmaceutica. VIII Ed. Piccin.
Other important tools for the individual preparation are represented, on the advice of the teacher, by the consultation of the "Medline" and / or some scientific journals of pharmacological interest.
Further specific bibliographic indications can be provided directly by the teacher during the course. Any additional materials will be made available by the teacher to supplement the recommended texts and uploaded on the dedicated website.
Teaching Methods The Course is structured in 20 hours (2 CFU) learning, subdivided in 2-3 hours lessons, according to the academic calendar. The teaching is divided into lectures whose purpose is to transmit concepts, information and schemes. The frequency of the course if obligatory and the final test will be equal for frequenting and non-frequenting students (if applied).
Evaluation methods Verification of learning:
The evaluation method consists of oral examination and the topics under examination will reflect those discussed during the lessons and present in the program. The exam mode will be indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the lessons
At least one question will focus on topics of general pharmacology, one on topics of special pharmacology and one on topics of pharmaceutical botany.
The evaluation will be based on the knowledge of the topics covered by the exam questions and the student's logical-argumentative skills. For the purposes of the evaluation, the quality of the oral presentation will also be taken into consideration with particular reference to the competence in the use of the specialized lexicon.
The final grade is calculated as the average of the individual modules of the positive results (above 18/30) of the different modules that, together with that of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Botany, are included in the integrated course.
The exam mode and the evaluation method are indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the lessons.
Contacts/More Information Student Reception
every Wednesday from 11 am to 1 pm at the CeSI-MeT, Campus Universitario, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66013 Chieti Scalo. Tel 0871-541325